If you’re curious I found a relatively simple, not too technical, overview on-line titled: 

Photosynthesis – An Overview

There are 3 basic types of photosynthesis:  C₃, C₄, and CAM.  Each has advantages and disadvantages for plants living in different habitats.

Check it out at: http://www.marietta.edu/~biol/biomes/photosynthesis.htm

The bulk of plant species, around 90%, utilize C3, while C4 plants comprise 3% (7,600) of all plant species, but account for 30% of terrestrial carbon fixation.  46% of the Grass Family are C4s, including Corn, Sugar Cane, Millet and Sorgum.  They make up 61% of all C4 plants.  Most C4s are monocots, obviously.  Among the dicots are many species from the Aster, Brassica, Amaranth and Euphorbia families.

C4 plants have a competitive advantage over C3 plants when grown under higher temperature conditions, 30+ C (C4 plants are concentrated in the tropics and sub-tropics where temps are higher), with lower available nitrogen and drought.  With moderate temperatures, available N and water, C3 has the advantage.  CAM have the greatest advantage under desert conditions.

Among other things scientists are trying to engineer Rice, a C3 plant, into a C4 plant, increasing yields and lowering their water requirements for growth.  Rice is the most commonly consumed food plant in the world.